Punnet Squares 1/8

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Punnett_Square.svg/220px-Punnett_Square.svg.png

Currently in science class, we've been using punnet squares to declare what traits our superhero's baby will have. If you didn't already know a punnet square is a 2 x 2 array, but instead of being filled out with numbers it is filled out with genotype combinations. This diagram is used to predict the outcome of a particular cross breeding experiment. More specifically, it is used by biologists to determine the probability of an offspring having a particular genotype. Punnet squares were named after Reginald C. Punnet, who devised the approach. So how do you set up and fill out a punnet square? To do this, you put the genotype that one parent passed on to the offspring, above the diagram. Lining each letter above each individual box of the array. As well as, you put the genotype that the other parent passed on to the left side of the diagram. The same set up applies accept you put each letter to the left side of each individual box. To fill out a punnet square, you start at the first box and look at the letter to the left of it and the letter above it. Then you write both of these letters in the box. Keep in mind to always put the dominant letter before the recessive letter. After, you will continue this process to fill out all of the four boxes.

S&EP - SP4: Analyzing and interpreting data

I used a diagram to display and analyze data to predict the outcome of a particular cross breeding experiment. I created punnet squares to determine the probability of an offspring having a particular genotype. I recognized patterns in data and see relationships between variables. For example, I observed that if there is only one dominant allele in a genotype combination, the hybrid genotype will always count as the dominant trait. As well as if both the alleles are dominant, the purebred genotype will always count as dominant. For purebred recessive genotype combinations, it will always count as recessive. I revised my initial hypothesis when the data doesn’t support it. My original hypothesis was that my superhero's baby would have echolocation since that trait is dominant, but my new hypothesis is that there is an equal chance that the baby will or will not have echolocation. This is because the dominant genotype is a hybrid combination, meaning that it has one dominant allele and one recessive allele. After filling out the punnet square, the outcome showed a 50% chance.

XCC: Cause and effect

The cause and effect relationship that punnet squares create is between the genotype that each parent passes on and the traits the offspring will have. The certain genotype combinations that the parents pass on help determine the probability of an offspring having a particular genotype. Which helps biologists predict the outcome of a particular cross breeding experiment. For instance, if the dominant genotype is a hybrid and contains one dominant allele and one recessive, this means that the offspring has a 50% chance of having the dominant trait. If the dominant genotype is purebred and contains two dominant alleles, this means that the offspring will definitely have the dominant trait. This information helps me better predict what traits the offspring will have, as well as the percentage of the offspring having a particular trait.